大型真菌在古代彝族文学作品中的体现

The Embodiment of Macrofungi in Ancient Yi Literature

古代真菌分布在森林资源丰富、大型真菌种类繁多的地区,如:云南、四川、贵州、广西等省份,这些省份都是彝民聚居的地方,彝民自古就有实用野生菌的记录和栽培食用菌的技术,这些事迹在古代彝族文学作品中有所体现。部分古代彝文文献尤其是是彝医方书,对药用菌颇有研究,并提出了一些医治措施,药方不仅有汉、彝医学经验的结合,还体现了彝医医治的特色。但在大型真菌有关的文献和资料记录中,发现对大型真菌词汇记录不统一的现象,部分词汇所对应的现代汉语译名也不够准确,需进一步完善。

Ancient fungi were distributed in areas with abundant forest resources and large types of macrofungi,such as Yunnan,Sichuan,Guizhou,and Guangxi.These provinces are where the Yi people lived.Yi people had a record of practical wild fungi since ancient times.The techniques of cultivating edible fungi were reflected in ancient Yi literature.Some ancient Yi literatures,especially Yi medicine prescriptions had researched medicinal fungi and put forward some medical treatment measures.The prescriptions not only combined the experience of Han and Yi medicine,but also reflected the characteristics of Yi medicine treatment.However,in the literature and data records related to macrofungi,it was found that the vocabulary records of macrofungi were not uniform,and the modern Chinese translations corresponding to some vocabulary were not accurate enough and needed to be further improved.