当代知识论信念度教条之批判

Critique of Contemporary Epistemology’s Dogma of Degrees of Belief

人们对于不同的命题有着不同的信心,在此基础上形成了当代知识论的信念度概念,即信念是有程度的。信念度的论证是隐晦的,它的常识论证和语言论证都混淆了信念与信心。信念度优先观念认为信念是某个临界值之上的信念度,彩票悖论和序言悖论反证了这种临界值理论。基于"本体"与"特性"的区分,信念本体是没有程度的,作为信念特性的信心是有程度的,它表征了主体信念的坚定性程度。信念与信心的关系是信念优先的,因为信心度是一种模态命题信念。

People’s confidence differs with different propositions,and this constitutes the basis of the concept of degrees of belief;that is,belief is a matter of degree.The reasoning behind degrees of belief is obscure,and both its commonsense and its verbal reasoning confuse belief and trust.The idea of priority in degrees of belief holds that degrees of belief occur above a certain threshold value,which is contradicted by the lottery paradox and the language paradox.If we distinguish between the noumenon and its properties,the noumenon of belief cannot itself have degrees;the confidence as a property of belief does have degrees that express the level of firmness of the belief.Belief takes priority in the relationship with confidence,because degree of confidence is a modal proposition belief.