汉唐故事与五代十国政治

Han and Tang Precedents and the Politics of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

五代十国时期,中国历史从"断裂"走向整合的过程中,汉唐故事发挥着重要作用。汉唐统治的嘉谟善政,在五代十国政治场域中不断地被讲述和效法。在政治宣传和政权合法性构建中,统治者追溯汉唐帝王或名臣为远祖,表明五代十国继承汉唐统治的政治含义,呈现出有别于"天命营造型"和"成王败寇型"的"历史溯源型"时代特色。五代十国的制度重建,借由对汉唐旧例的仿效与因袭,以期实现政策的延续和统治的稳定。时人将汉唐治理形塑为理想政治的典范,突出强调其中的德政、仁义、文治等意义,将再续汉唐一统的治世确立为施政的方向。摆脱朝代兴衰隆替、政治体制胡汉之别等认识框架,深入到政治运行的内在精神和理念层面,是观察中国历史连续性的新视角。

Under the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms,Han and Tang precedents played an important role in Chinese history as the country moved from division to integration.The good governance of the Han and Tang was constantly narrated and imitated in the political setting of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.In political propaganda and the construction of regime legitimacy,rulers claimed descent from Han and Tang emperors or famous officials,indicating the political message of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms’inheritance of Han and Tang rule.This demonstrates a distinctive feature of the era:rulers"traced back to historical roots"instead of"constructing the Mandate of Heaven"and"winner take all."The systemic reconstruction of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms aimed to achieve the continuation of policies and stability of rule by imitating and following the old Han and Tang precedents.Han and Tang governance,with its emphasis on the significance of virtuous rule,benevolence,and civil administration,was regarded as an ideal political model,and returning to the unity of the Han and Tang dynasties was thus established as the direction of governance of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.This process presents a new perspective that allows us to discard the cognitive framework of the rise and fall of dynasties and of the difference in political systems between border peoples and the Han.This offers a new viewpoint that enables us to go deep into the inner spirit of political operations and ideas and observe the continuous nature of Chinese history.