论城市的自发之美:非尽设计之功,亦不尽无序之所致也

On the Spontaneous Beauty of Cities:Neither Design Nor Chaos

自发秩序理论和城市之美问题的关联路径尚未明晰。本文基于对美学概念的普适性探究,构建了另一种概念形式——自发之美。研究认为,城市领域的美在较大程度上取决于其形式与秩序,这些形式和秩序难以通过规划和设计达成预判,城市主体的多样化现状则更多源于其在空间中的自由意志表达。文章通过对简·雅各布斯和马可·罗马诺两位设计者在城市美学领域研究观点的对照分析,提出了构建此类城市之美的规划设计策略,并提供了一些基本的伦理原则。

A clear bridge connecting the theory of spontaneous order and the issue of beauty in and for cities has not yet been devel-oped.After a general exploration of the concept of beauty,this article builds an alternative idea of beauty,namely,beauty as spontaneity.In particular,it argues that beauty in the urban realm greatly depends on forms and orders that can hardly be comprehensively designed but rather emerge as the result of the freedom granted to multiple urban agents to express themselves in space.In this article the works of Jacobs and Romano are analysed and explored.Starting from some of their main ideas,the paper suggests certain planning and design tactics to nurture this kind of beauty and provides some essential ethical principles.