通过改革推进转型的尝试——南京国民政府后期(1943-1949)的司法改革争论史

The Attempt to Advance Transformation Through Reform——The Content and Characteristics of the Judicial Reform Controversy in the Later Period of Nanjing National Government(1943-1949)

南京国民政府后期兴起的司法改革运动是国民政府时期的第三次司法改革运动。这次司法改革运动与当时社会环境密切相关,引起了社会各界的广泛关注与争论,按照讨论的内容等因素可划分为“重建中国法系”中的司法改革争论、制宪前后的顶层司法制度改革争论和司法行政检讨会议内外的改革争论三个阶段。相对于前两次司法改革运动,这次司法改革运动呈现出参与主体更广泛多元、讨论内容更专业聚焦和改革追求赓续的特点,并指向通过司法的专业化改革支持国家转型的目标和努力。这次司法改革运动的最终结果值得注意与反思。

The judicial reform movement that emerged in the later period of Nanjing National Government was the third judicial reform movement in the period of the Nationalist Government.This judicial reform movement is closely related to the social environment and has aroused widespread concern and controversy from all walks of life.According to the content of the discussion and other factors,it can be divided into three stages:the judicial reform controversy in the“reconstruction of the Chinese legal system”,the top-level judicial system reform controversy during the constitution establishment,and the reform controversy during the 1947 judicial administration review conference.Compared with the previous two judicial reform movements,this judicial reform movement presents the characteristics of wider and diversified participants,more professional focus and continuous reform pursuit,and points to the goal and effort to support national transformation through judicial professional reforms.The final result of this judicial reform movement deserves attention and reflection.