论毛姆《人生的枷锁》中的地理叙事

Geographical Narrative in Maugham’s Of Human Bondage

《人生的枷锁》叙述了主人公菲利普在成长的道路上辗转不同城市、往返城市与乡村逐步摆脱枷锁获得成长的故事。这一故事的完成离不开小说中地理意象的呈现、不同城市的变换以及草场空间的建构。对此进行分析,可以把握其地理叙事的深层意蕴:一是地理意象给予菲利普心灵慰藉并调整其生活状态,推动了小说情节的发展;二是菲利普辗转不同城市、摆脱双重枷锁的成长之路,升华出“勇于改变”的冒险精神与“怎样生活”的道德观念;三是读者可以转换传统线性时间叙事的视角,重新进入草场空间,深入理解小说的结局,丰富阅读体验。

Of Human Bondage tells the story of Philip moving from city to city and from city to country on his way of growing up,gradually getting rid of the shackles and achieving self-growth.The completion of this story cannot be separated from the presentation of geographical images in the novel,the transformation of different cities and the construction of pasture space.By analyzing it,we can grasp the deep implication of geographical narrative:first,geographical image consoled Philip’s soul and adjusted his life state,which promoted the development of the plot of the novel;second,Philip’s journey of growth in different cities and getting rid of the double shackles has sublimated the adventurous spirit of“dare to change”and the moral concept of“How to live”;third,readers can transform the traditional linear time narrative perspective,re-enter the grassland space,deeply interpret the ending of the novel,and enrich their reading experience.