摘要
长期以来,《叔于田》和《大叔于田》中的主人公叔被认为是郑庄公之弟共叔段,此论断值得质疑。诗序谓两诗以赞美共叔段的方式讽刺郑庄公,而依诗的内容却难以看出讽刺之意,反倒充满对主人公叔的喜爱、颂扬之情,诗序本不可尽信,于此两诗之解更是如此。若依据词条意义,叔在先秦实为对年龄排行的泛称,并不具有特指功能,自然也不能仅因一个叔字就确指两诗中的叔即为共叔段。此外,从诗旨出发,联系郑国大臣徐吾犯之妹择夫的事例和《诗经》集结的原意,则更能从中判断出两首诗的主人公叔不为共叔段,把他作为一种反映实际的泛称来理解更合适。
The protagonists in Shu Yu Tian and Dashu Yu Tian have long been regarded as Gongshu Duan,Zheng Zhuang’s brother,which is questionable.The poem preface states that the two poems satirized Zheng Zhuang in a way of praising Gongshu Duan.However,it’s hard to find the irony from the content of the poem.Instead,it’s full of love and praise for the protagonist.The preface to the poem is not completely believed,especially in these two poems.According to the meaning of the words,"Shu"is a general term representing an age ranking in pre-Qin period and it does not have a specific function.Naturally,it can’t be regarded that"Shu"in the two poems is Gongshu Duan.In addition,starting from the theme of the poems,combining the example of Xuwu Fan’s sister choosing a husband and the original meaning of The Book of Songs,it is easier to see that the protagonists of the two poems is not Gongshu Duan,and it is more appropriate to understand it as a general term reflecting reality.
作者
王亮亮
WANG Liang-liang(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Northwest Normal university,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《郑州师范教育》
2020年第3期40-43,共4页
Journal of Zhengzhou Normal Education
