秦始皇刻石铭文书写模式刍议

On the Writing Mode of Qin Shihuang’s Engraved Stone Inscriptions

秦始皇刻石铭文作为秦王朝官方文献,与前代青铜铭文相比,在仪式媒介与施用对象、叙述模式与仪式语言、思想内核与制度建构方面都发生了变革。文本结构上,呈现出神灵与百姓的双重受众模式;文本内核上,建构起以个人为中心的功绩陈述模式;文本思想上,揭示了秦王朝在礼法关系模式上的曲折探求,探索出一条纳礼于法的政治道路。七篇刻石铭文作为秦王朝的官方文献自成范式,重新建构了具有秦朝大一统特色的铭文书写模式。

As the official document of the Qin Dynasty,compared to previous generation bronze inscriptions,Qin Shihuang’s engraved stone inscriptions have changed in terms of ritual media and object of application,narrative mode and ritual language,ideological core and institutional construction.In the structure of the text,it presents the dual audience mode of the gods and the people;on the core of the text,it constructs a personal-centered model of merit statement;in the textual thought,it reveals the twists and turns of the Qin Dynasty in the pattern of ritual and law relations,and explores an including-ritual-in-law political road.The seven carved stone inscriptions,as the official paradigm of the Qin Dynasty’s official literature,reconstructed the inscription writing mode with the unification characteristics of the Qin Dynasty.