黄河流域高质量发展水平测度及其时空演变

High-quality development level and its spatiotemporal changes in the Yellow River Basin

推动黄河流域高质量发展,有必要构建黄河流域高质量发展评价指标体系以对黄河流域高质量发展水平进行科学测度。本文从经济社会发展和生态安全两大方面,包含经济发展、创新驱动、民生改善、环境状况和生态状况5个维度,构建了黄河流域高质量发展评价指标体系,并基于黄河流域9省区2008—2017年的数据,运用熵权法进行了测度。结果表明:黄河流域高质量发展水平基本呈现"两边高、中间低"的空间分布,但差距逐年变小;各省区高质量发展水平在2008—2010年基本保持平稳,2011—2017年持续增长,且在2016年增速明显;黄河流域整体高质量发展水平呈现上升趋势,在2008—2010年小幅波动,2011年起上升明显;10年间5个维度均有不同程度的改善。据此,本文对提升黄河流域高质量发展水平给出了具体建议:①借助政策红利叠加效应,进一步加强区域联动,扩大黄河流域整体对外开放水平。②西部各省区在重点保护生态环境的基础上,结合要素禀赋,发展特色产业。③山东省和河南省在发展经济的同时,要加大对生态环境的保护力度;山西省和甘肃省民生改善工作亟待加强;青海省和内蒙古自治区要加大创新投入力度,提高创新能力。

To promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin,it is necessary to construct an evaluation index system for a scientific assessment of such development.Based on the two areas of economic and social development and ecological security,and considering five dimensions of economic development,innovation,improvement of people’s livelihood,environmental conditions,and ecological conditions,this study constructed a high-quality development evaluation index system for the Yellow River Basin.Using the data of nine provinces(autonomous regions)in the Yellow River Basin during 2008-2017,the entropy weight method was used in calculation.The results are as follows:The high-quality development level of the Yellow River Basin basically showed the spatial distribution of"high on both sides and low in the central area,"but the gap was decreasing year by year;The high-quality development level in each province(autonomous region)remained stable in 2008-2010,and continued to grow in 2011-2017,with a high growth rate in 2016;The overall high-quality development level of the basin showed an upward trend,with small fluctuations during 2008-2010 and a significantly increase from 2011.Over the last decade,all five dimensions improved.Accordingly,the study put forward specific suggestions and the directions for further research:(1)Strengthen regional linkages and expand the overall opening-up level of the Yellow River Basin.(2)On the basis of protecting the ecological environment,the provinces(autonomous regions)in western China should develop characteristic industries,combining with their factor endowments.(3)Shandong and Henan Provinces should strengthen the protection of the ecological environment while developing the economy.Shanxi and Gansu Provinces should improve people’s living standards urgently.Qinghai Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region need to increase investments in innovation and improve innovation capacity.Finally,the study proposed the further research directions.