宋代水准仪的复原及模拟实验

Restoration and Simulation Experiments on the Song Dynasty Level

中国古代辉煌的建筑成就离不开高超的水平测量技术。《武经总要》和《营造法式》是目前所知最早和最完整的以图示法解释水准仪的文献,但其中图文标识并不配套、尚有出入。鉴于考古发掘一直鲜见早期水准仪实物,田野调查亦未能获取遗留的水准仪相关物件,本文在前人研究的基础上结合原始文献资料,复原出了宋代水准仪实物,并进行了相关模拟实验,与现代光学水准仪进行了误差和精度的比较。

The splendid architectural achievements of ancient China are inseparable from level measurement technology.The Wujing zongyao and Yingzao fashi are the earliest and most complete works that graphically illustrate and explain the level in pre-modern China,the graphics and text do no match exactly.Despite many years of archaeological excavations and fieldwork,finds of levels and associated objects are still rare.Based on previous research,the original literature was used to recreate a Song Dynasty level,and related simulation experiments were carried out.The error precision was compared with that of amodern optical level.