当代文学“史料研究”的现状及反思

A Description of and a Reflection on the Present State of the Study on Historical Materials in the Field of Contemporary Chinese Literature

近年来,"史料研究"成为中国当代文学重要的研究潮流,"史料热""史料转向"成为描述这一现象的关键词。"史料研究"兴起的主要原因有二:其一,长期以来,当代文学研究由于其研究对象的当下性而呈现出"批评化"倾向,该倾向有可能导致文学史写作历史维度的阙失;其二,当代文学主流文学史观中一直强调"断裂论",忽视了文学史自身的延续性。对于当代文学来说,"史料研究"可以夯实学科研究的基础,打开研究的新空间,从而塑造新的文学史观。同时,因为当代文学的进行时状态,"史料研究"中也出现了重复化、碎片化、为史料而史料的不良倾向,需要对之进行反思与克服。

The study on historical materials,often dubbed as"historical material fever"or a sort of new"turn to historical materials,"has become extremely popular in the field of Contemporary Chinese Literature in recent years.Two factors lead to such trend in this field.The first factor is related to the focus of the study of Contemporary Chinese Literature on the present conditions that may cause the lack of a historical dimension in the writing of the history of Chinese Literature.The other factor is associated with a widely accepted view that overemphasizes discontinuity in the unfolding of Chinese Literature and consequently neglects its continuity.For contemporary literature,the study of historical materials could establish a solid foundation and expand the academic scope for writing the history of literature.In the meantime,however,this academic trend also leads to such shortcomings as repetition and fragmentation,which deserve serious consideration in research.