基于人与技术实践共生的技术伦理反思

Some Reflections on the Ethics of Technology from the Perspective of the Symbiotic Relationship between Man and Technology

现代技术与社会伦理尖锐对立冲突的外部表现,遮掩了人与技术的内在本质统一。人同其他动物的本质区别在于劳动,人在技术实践活动中实现自我创造、自我发明。技术伦理规范不能寄望于科学推理或者先验假定,技术伦理批判只能立足于人与技术共生的历史发展进程。对于新的技术发明、应用应持一种审慎态度,在技术与社会之间保持一种"必要的张力",给新技术的伦理评价留有更为充裕的时间、空间省思。技术伦理研究不但要坚守"伦理信念",也要打开"技术黑箱"。伦理学者要与技术专家交流合作,促进技术伦理研究"外在进路"与"内在进路"的协调共进。

The seeming conflict between modern technology and social ethics obscures the actual connection between man and technology.What differentiates man from animals is man’s capability to work,which enables man to recreate himself in his own practice in a technological environment.The ethical norms related to technology cannot be deduced from scientific reasoning or transcendental assumptions,and the critique on technological ethics can only be based on the actual historical development characterized by the coexistence and interdependence of man and technology.As for new technological invention and application,it is wise to remain cautious,allow the"necessary tension"to work between technology and society,and patiently await further evaluation of the new development.The study of technological ethics should have faith in"ethical beliefs,"and,in the meantime,should also have courage to open the"black box of technology."Those who study technological ethics need to communicate and cooperate with technicians and experts and work together on technological ethics from both external and internal approaches.