网络时代话语权的变革及其影响——基于权力与权利双重视角的分析

An Analysis of the Transformation of Discourse Power and Its Influence in the Internet Age from the Perspectives of both Power and Right

话语理论揭示了话语的本质和功能,特别是深刻揭示了话语与权力的关系。在互联网时代,话语权被互联网深刻改造和重塑,由此发生了重大变革。与传统媒体时代的话语权相比,网络话语权被赋予新的内涵,它具有权力与权利的双重属性。它既是一种具有实际影响力的权力,又是一种具有可行性的公民权利。互联网技术的特征深刻嵌入网络话语权中,使得网络话语权具有非常显著的开放性、突出的分散性和鲜明的大众性等特点。网络时代话语权的变革会推动国家、社会与公民之间权力或权利的相对平衡,增进国家、社会与公民之间的信任关系;网络话语权的下移和分散,有助于推动精英民主向大众民主的转变,促进政治发展的进程;同时,网络话语生成空间环境的变化,导致网络舆论容易产生激进倾向,可能危及社会稳定。

The theory of discourse insightfully reveals the nature and functions of discourse and especially the relations between discourse and rights.The power of discourse has been fundamentally reshaped by the internet in the new age.Compared with the era dominated by traditional media,the internet age has transformed the power of discourse and made it a concept containing both power and right.The characteristics of internet technology are deeply embedded in internet discourse power and made it notably open,remarkably decentralized,and distinctly popular.This change of discourse power through the internet may help balance the power of the state and the power of its citizens,and help strengthen the mutual trust between the government and its people.The move of discourse power downward to the mass may also prompt the development of democracy with distinct Chinese characteristics.In the meantime,however,we should also be aware that this shift of power discourse could potentially bring about radical ideas and jeopardize social stability.