在“负重”与“摛文”之间——论《文心雕龙》对东晋名臣温峤、庾亮的评论

“Enduring the Burden” and “Displaying the Culture”:On the Comments on Wen Qiao and Yu Liang in the Wenxin Diaolong

温峤与庾亮是东晋名臣与文士,他们的道德人格、政治活动、文学写作体现出当时特有的时代背景。这二人在东晋风起云涌的社会环境与时势动荡中,发挥着重要的政治作用,同时,受命于朝廷及各种需要,写下了各种政治文告与实用文章,对于后世产生了重要的影响。他们特殊的将相身份与文章写作,彰显出中国古代"负重"与"摛文"的关系,有许多人生意蕴值得玩味,而文学批评的意义在于与作家的心灵进行沟通交流,在评论其人与作品的过程中,揭示出相应的文学价值观念,构建独特的批评方法。

Both Wen Qiao and Yu Liang were famous ministers and scholars whose morality,writing,and political activities reflected the unique background of the Eastern Jin times.Both men played important roles in the whimsical,turbulent Eastern Jin political environment and,at the same time,comprised various political essays to fulfill his contemporary political needs.Their literary contributions were unique in the Eastern Jin and also had an important impact on later generations.Although their writings were not the best kinds of poetic or furhapsodic works of their time,their special social status made their writings special.The comments on their works in the Wenxin diaolong,or the Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons,reflects the way of reading a literary work emphasizing the reader’s communication with the writer’s intent,a way through which the work’s literary values are thought to be better revealed.