恩格斯生态思想视域下的人类世责任探析

On the Responsibility of the Anthropocene from the Perspective of Engels’Ecological Thought

人类世^(①)(Anthropocene)的提法由希腊语“人类”(ánthrōpos)和地质术语“世”(cene)组合而成,意指人类活动成为引起地球系统物质和生态变化的主要驱动力。人类世的出现首次在自然科学层面立论了人类在地球上所引发严重的生态危机和公共安全危机,并迫使人类从人文层面对基于理性主义和科学主义之上的现代文明展开全面审视。然而,处于资本主义话语体系下的人类世研究工作已陷入了资本万能论和技术普罗米修斯主义的僵局。在这一点上,恩格斯生态思想所蕴含的对资本主义生产方式和技术能力的深刻洞见可以将人们从资本主义人类世语境下的地球无限论中唤醒,激发有别于资本主义视阈的辩证的、唯物的生态启示。

The term Anthropocene,derived from the Greek term anthrōpos and the geological term cene,refers to the fact that human activity has been the primary driver of physical and ecological change in the Earth system.The emergence of the Anthropocene for the first time in the natural science level of the human caused serious ecological crisis and public security crisis on the earth,and forced human beings from the humanistic level of the modern civilization based on rationalism and scientism to carry out a comprehensive review.However,the Anthropocene research under the capitalist discourse system has fallen into a deadlock between the theory of capital omnipotence and the prometheanism of technology.In this regard,Engels’profound insight into the capitalist mode of production and technological capability can awaken people from the infinite theory of the earth in the context of the Anthropocene of capitalism,and stimulate dialectical and materialistic ecological enlightenment different from the capitalist vision.