海胆纲动物的系统发育学研究进展

Progress in Phylogenetic Research of Echinoids

海胆纲动物起源于4.6亿年前的奥陶纪晚期,主要分布于岩石、珊瑚礁及硬质海底,现生物种约850种。关于海胆纲动物的系统发育学关系的研究长期存在争议,根据形态学分类依据,海胆纲物种可分为14个目,而分子生物学支持不同的系统发育关系。本文综述了海胆纲物种的形态结构、形态学及分子生物学的分类依据,旨在为今后海胆纲物种的分类工作提供帮助。

Echinoids,originated in the late Ordovician 460 million years ago,are mainly distributed on rocks,coral reefs and hard seatloors in the ocean,with about 850 species extant now.The phylogenetic relationships of echinoids have been under dispute over a long period of time.According to morphological classification,the species of echinoids can be divided into 14 orders,while the molecular biological basis supports difTerent phylogenetic relationships.In this review,we summarize the morphological structure of echinoids and the morphological and molecular biological basis for the classifcation of echinoids,aiming to provide help for the future clasification of echinoids.