危险废物铝灰渣鉴别特征分析及鉴别实例

Analysis of Identification Characteristics and Identification Examples of Hazardous Waste Aluminum-ash Residue

本研究旨在对收集的208个铝灰渣样品进行元素组成及物相分析,总结出铝灰渣鉴别特征:铝灰渣主要由铝(Al)、硅(Si)、镁(Mg)、钠(Na)、氯(Cl)等元素组成;铝灰渣鉴别的主要物相特征为氧化铝(Al_(2)O_(3))、氮化铝(AlN)和镁铝尖晶石(MgAl_(2)O_(4)),且来源不同的铝灰渣物相组成有所差异。此外,通过元素相关性分析和物相组成统计等方法,区分在堆存点、填埋点和炼铝点采集的不同铝灰渣样品的Al、Si、F、Na和Cl元素含量差异和物相组成差异,进一步推断铝灰渣来源。依据以上鉴别特征与铝灰渣样品比对,推断采集的5种不明物质为来源于填埋点的铝灰渣样品。本研究通过分析得出的铝灰渣主要鉴别特征,以及有关鉴别实例,可为正确鉴别铝灰渣,打击危险废物转移、填埋提供参考。

In this study,the elementary composition and phase analysis of 208 aluminum-ash residue samples were carried out,and the identification characteristics of aluminum-ash residue were summarized as follows:aluminum-ash residue is mainly composed of aluminum(Al),silicon(Si),magnesium(Mg),sodium(Na),chlorine(Cl)and other elements.The main phase characteristics of aluminum ash residue identification are alumina(Al_(2)O_(3)),aluminum nitride(AlN)and magnesium aluminum spinel(MgAl_(2)O_(4)),and the phase compositions of aluminum ash residue from different sources are different.This study also used the methods of element correlation analysis and phase composition statistics to distinguish the content and phase composition differences of Al,Si,F,Na and Cl elements from different aluminum ash residue samples collected respectively from storage points,landfill points and aluminum smelting points,so as to further infer the sources of aluminum ash residue.At the same time,according to the above identification characteristics and comparisons with aluminum ash residue samples,it is inferred that the 5 unidentified substances collected are aluminum ash residue samples from landfill sites.The main identification characteristics of aluminum ash residue obtained through analyzing,along with relevant identification examples in this study can provide a reliable reference for correctly identifying aluminum-ash residue and combating hazardous waste transfer and landfill.