单分子测序技术在口岸传染病监测中的应用前景

Application Prospect of Single-Molecule Sequencing Technology in Port Infectious Diseases Surveillance

单分子测序技术是一种新型的测序方法,可以直接读取单个DNA或RNA分子的核苷酸序列,而无需进行扩增或切割。与传统的测序方法相比,单分子测序技术具有高精度、长读长和实时检测等优势,能够提供病原体基因组或转录组中的表观遗传学修饰信息,如甲基化水平等可能影响病原体表达和功能的重要信息。单分子测序技术在口岸传染病监测方面有着广阔的应用前景,可以快速灵敏地检测由细菌、病毒、真菌和寄生虫等不同类型的病原体引起的感染,并且可以鉴定病原体的种属和分型及其耐药性和毒力因子。此外,单分子测序技术还可以发现多种病原体的合并感染或重叠感染,这对于口岸卫生检疫工作具有重要意义。本文综述了单分子测序技术在传染病监测方面的最新进展和挑战,并探讨该技术在口岸卫生检疫工作中的应用前景。

Single-molecule sequencing technology is a novel method that can directly read the nucleotide sequences of a single DNA or RNA molecule without the need for amplification or fragmentation.Compared with traditional sequencing methods,single-molecule sequencing technology has the advantages of high accuracy,long reads,and real-time detection,can provide information about epigenetic modifications in the pathogen’s genome or transcriptome,such as methylation levels,which may affect pathogen expression and function.Single-molecule sequencing technology has a broad application prospect in the surveillance of infectious diseases at ports,which can quickly and sensitively detect infections caused by different types of pathogens such as bacteria,viruses,fungi and parasites,and can identify the species and classification of pathogens,as well as their drug resistance and virulence factors.In addtion,single-molecule sequencing technology can also detect coinfection or superinfection of multiple pathogens,which is of great significance for port health and quarantine work.In this paper,we summarize the latest progress and challenges of single-molecule sequencing technology in the surveillance of infectious diseases,and discuss the application prospects of this technology in port health and quarantine.