青岛地区成人牛奶摄入与2型糖尿病关联研究

Correlation between milk consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults of Qingdao

目的探讨居民牛奶摄入频率、摄入量与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患病风险之间的关联,为T2DM的防治提供科学依据。方法于2009年1月采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取青岛市6000名35~74岁成年居民为研究对象,实际调查5110名,排除牛奶摄入以及空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)信息缺失者,最终4955名研究对象纳入本研究。对其进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 23.0统计软件进行t检验、χ^2检验、单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果4955名研究对象中,T2DM患者占16.29%,T2DM组与非T2DM组牛奶摄入频率、牛奶摄入量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,在调整年龄、性别、糖尿病家族史、体质指数(BMI)、婚姻、受教育程度、饮酒、职业体力活动、酸奶摄入等混杂因素后,牛奶摄入频率≥7次/周(OR=1.40,95%CI:1.10~1.79)、牛奶摄入量≥250g/d(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.09~1.77)均与T2DM患病呈正相关。结论牛奶摄入频率≥7次/周、摄入量≥250 g/d与T2DM患病风险呈正相关,后续还需要长期研究或干预试验进一步验证。

Objective To investigate the association of milk intake volume and intake frequency with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM)in adults of Qingdao,and to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control of T2 DM.Methods In January of 2009,the multistage random sampling method was used to select 6000 adults(35-74 years old)of Qingdao as the subjects.But only 5110 subjects were investigated in this study.Strict exclusion criteria were:no data of milk intake frequency,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 hour post-load plasma glucose(2 h PG).Finally,4955 subjects were included in this study.The investigation was performed by questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test.The t test,chi-square test and univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 23.0.Results In 4955 subjects,the T2 DM rate was 16.29%,there were significant differences of milk intake frequency and intake volume between T2 DM group and non-T2 DM group(P<0.01).Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that after adjusting the confused factors(age,gender,diabetes family history,body mass index,marriage,educational level,drinking,occupational physical activity,yogurt intake),milk intake frequency≥7 times/week(OR=1.40,95%CI:1.10-1.79)and milk intake volume≥250 g/day(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.09-1.77)were positively correlated to T2 DM morbidity.Conclusion Milk intake frequency≥7 times/week and milk intake volume≥250 g/day are positively correlated to T2 DM morbidity,but it should be validated with the long study and intervention test.