儿童青少年欺负/受欺负行为的发生模式研究

The Co-occurring Patterns of Bullying/victimization Behaviors in Adolescents

目的:考察儿童青少年身体、言语、关系、网络等不同类型欺负/受欺负行为的发生模式。方法:采用传统欺负/受欺负问卷、网络欺负/受欺负问卷、抑郁与自杀问卷、学校态度问卷和学业成绩问卷,分层抽取河南省103106名中小学生进行在线调查。结果:(1)身体、言语、关系、网络等不同类型欺负/受欺负行为之间显著正相关(r=0.24~0.66,Ps<0.01)。(2)不同类型欺负/受欺负行为的发生模式分为六类:所有类型欺负-受欺负类(1.6%)、身体/言语/关系欺负-受欺负类(3.1%)、言语欺负-受欺负类(3.0%)、身体/言语/关系受欺负类(11.2%)、网络受欺负类(3.1%)和未卷入类(78.0%)。(3)六类发生模式在不同性别、学段、城乡、寄宿状况上的分布存在显著差异(χ2=393.62~1419.47,Ps<0.01)。(4)六类群体之间的抑郁情绪、自杀行为、学校态度和学业成绩均有显著差异(χ2=7643.33~11348.06,Ps<0.01;F=2411.96、921.70,Ps<0.01)。结论:儿童青少年欺负/受欺负行为的发生模式可以分为六类,每个类别在不同人口统计学变量上的分布不同,并且在心理行为问题上的表现不同。

Objective:To investigate the co-occuring patterns of physical,verbal,relational and cyber bullying/victimization in adolescents.Methods:By stratified sampling,103106 adolescents attending primary and middle school in Henan Province were investigated online with Traditional Bullying/Victimization Questionnaire,Cyber Bullying/Victimization Questionnaire,Depression and Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire,School Attitude Questionnaire and Academic Performance Questionnaire.Results:(1)Physical,verbal,relational and cyber bullying/victimization was positively related to each other(r=0.24~0.66,Ps<0.01).(2)Six latent classes were identified for the co-occuring patterns of different type bullying/victimization behaviors,including an all-types bully-victims class(1.6%),a physical/verbal/relational bully-victims class(3.1%),a verbal bully-victims class(3.0%),a physical/verbal/relational victims class(11.2%),a cyber victims class(3.1%)and a non-involved class(78.0%).(3)There were significant differences in six latent classes among students based on different gender,grade,region and boarding status(χ2=393.62~1419.47,Ps<0.01).(4)There were significant differences among the six classes in depression,suicidal behaviors,school attitude and academic performance(χ2=7643.33~11348.06,Ps<0.01;F=2411.96,921.70,Ps<0.01).Conclusion:The co-occuring patterns of adolescent bullying/victimization behaviors can be classified into six different latent classes.The prevalence of each class is different in demographic variables,and six classes show different psychological behavior problems.