正念训练对主观幸福感及其成分的影响:一项元分析

The Influence of Mindfulness Training on Subjective Well-being and Its Components: A Meta-analysis

目的:用元分析方法系统考察正念训练对主观幸福感及其各成分的作用,并探讨可能的调节因素。方法:经系统检索与筛选,有47项研究纳入元分析,运用CMA3.0软件进行数据分析。结果:(1)正念训练可显著提升主观幸福感(d=1.17,P<0.01)、生活满意度(d=0.76,P<0.01)和积极情绪(d=0.63,P<0.01),显著降低消极情绪(d=-0.64,P<0.05);(2)正念训练对主观幸福感及其成分的干预效果受干预周期、被试群体(临床样本vs.非临床样本)和脱落率的影响;(3)主观幸福感及其各成分达到最大效果量所需的干预周期不同,干预效果与干预周期呈倒U型关系。结论:正念训练对主观幸福感及其各成分的干预效果显著,干预周期、被试群体和脱落率是重要的调节变量。

Objective:To systematically investigate the intervention effect of mindfulness training on subjective wellbeing and its components by meta-analysis method,and to explore possible regulatory factors.Methods:After systematic search and screening,47 studies were included in meta-analysis,and CMA3.0 software was used for data analysis.Results:(1)Mindfulness training significantly improved subjective well-being(d=1.17,P<0.01),life satisfaction(d=0.76,P<0.01),positive emotion(d=0.63,P<0.01),and significantly reduced negative emotion(d=-0.64,P<0.01).(2)The intervention effect of mindfulness training on subjective well-being and its components was moderated by intervention duration,participants(clinical samples vs.non-clinical samples)and dropout rate.(3)Subjective well-being and its components needed different intervention duration to achieve the maximum effect;the relationship between intervention effect and intervention duration was inverted U-shaped.Conclusion:Mindfulness training has a significant intervention effect on subjective wellbeing and its components.Intervention duration,participants and dropout rate are important regulatory variables.