吸烟警示信息框架效应研究现状与展望

The Framing Effect of Smoking Warning Messages among Smokers: Review and Prospect

研究表明吸烟警示信息存在框架效应,即收益框架(强调戒烟或不吸烟的益处)对预防吸烟或干预戒烟效果优于损失框架(强调不戒烟或吸烟的危害)。该效应受到吸烟者尼古丁依赖程度、戒烟自我效能感、戒烟意向等个体特征以及警示信息呈现形式和载体特征的影响。前景理论、调节定向理论与精细加工可能性模型解释了吸烟警示信息的框架效应及其相关因素的影响。未来研究还需探讨吸烟警示信息框架效应的普遍性,以及如何根据框架效应的规律开展控烟实践应用。

The previous studies have shown the existence of framing effect on smoking warning messages.The effect of gain-frame(emphasizing the benefits of smoking cessation or no-smoking)is greater than the effect of loss-frame(emphasizing the harms of no-quitting or smoking)in preventing or intervening smoking cessation.The framing effect of smoking warning messages is affected by smokers’nicotine dependence,self-efficacy of smoking cessation,quitting intention as well as forms of presentation or the carrier of warning messages.Prospect Theory,Regulatory Focus Theory,and Elaboration Likelihood Model could explain the underlying mechanisms of framing effect of smoking warning messages and the influences of related factors.Further researches are needed to examine the universality of the framing effect of smoking warning messages and to carry out the practical application of tobacco control according to the principle of the framing effect.