自闭症谱系障碍儿童的肢体情绪加工特征:来自眼动的证据

Body Emotion Processing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Eye Movement

目的:采用眼动技术研究自闭症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD)儿童的肢体情绪加工特征。方法:选取低功能ASD儿童和年龄匹配的正常发展(Typically Developing,TD)儿童各25名,记录两组被试加工快乐、愤怒和中性肢体情绪的正确率及眼动数据。结果:(1)低功能ASD儿童具备愤怒优势效应,对愤怒肢体的注视时间、观看时间以及注视次数都显著大于快乐和中性肢体;(2)TD儿童对肢体情绪的加工深度从深到浅依次为上肢、头部和下肢,表明当TD儿童无法从头部面孔获取情绪信息时,更倾向于从上肢获取情绪信息;低功能ASD儿童对肢体情绪的加工深度从深到浅依次为上肢、下肢和头部,表现出明显地对头部面孔的回避行为。结论:低功能ASD儿童在加工肢体情绪方面具有和年龄匹配TD儿童不同的眼动加工模式,表明低功能ASD儿童具有弱社会动机的特点。

Objective:The study aimed to assess the body emotion processing in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)using Eye-track technology.Methods:Twenty-five children with low-function ASD and 25 age-matched typically developing(TD)children were recruited,and the correct rates of body emotion recognition and eye movement data of the two groups were recorded when they were performing experimental task.Results:(1)Children with low-function ASD had a more obvious anger superiority effect.The specific performance was that angry limbs could get longer fixation duration,longer observation length and more fixation count than happy and neutral limbs in children with low-functioning ASD.(2)The processing depth of body emotion in the TD children was upper limbs,head and lower limbs at successively shallower levels,which indicated that when TD children could not obtain emotional information from head/face,they tended to obtain emotional information from upper limbs.The emotional processing depth of the low-functioning ASD was the upper limbs,lower limbs and head,successively shallower,which indicated obvious avoidance behavior to the head/face.Conclusion:In terms of body emotion processing,low-functioning ASD children has different eye movements processing modes from age-matched TD children,indicating that the children with low-functioning ASD has the trait of weak social motivation.