扶贫资金使用政策变迁与企业生产效率

Change from the Policy in the Use of Poverty Alleviation Funds and the Productivity of Enterprises

促进经济增长、协调区域发展是重要的经济学、社会学问题。以中国2011年颁布《财政专项扶贫资金管理办法》作为准自然实验,本文考察了扶贫资金使用监管加强对地方企业生产效率的影响。研究发现:财政专项扶贫资金使用监管加强后,贫困县企业的全要素生产率显著提升。进一步的研究显示:(1)考虑企业产权性质的影响,扶贫资金使用监管加强对企业生产效率的促进作用在国有企业中更强;(2)考虑企业盈利能力的影响,这一促进作用主要存在于盈利能力较低的企业;(3)扶贫资金使用监管加强后,贫困县企业的工业产值、资产和物料投资以及员工薪酬显著增加,最终提升了企业的生产效率。本文较为全面地展现了扶贫资金使用监管加强对于企业生产效率影响的机制、后果与差异,为经济增长的理论文献与现实举措提供了有益参考。

How to promote economic growth and narrow the gap between the developments of different regions is an important proposition of economics and sociology.By the use of Management of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Funds from Government Finance(MTPAFGF)revised and published in 2011,we adopt quasi-experiment to investigate the effect of enhancing supervision from the policy in the use of poverty alleviation funds on enterprise’s productivity.We find that after enhancing supervision in poverty alleviation funds,the total factor productivity(TFP)of enterprises in poverty counties increased markedly.In addition,the further study reveals that this effect mentioned above would be more significant on stateowned enterprises(SOE)and low profitability enterprises.Besides,we find that the publication of MTPAFGF increased the industrial production and the investment in assets,inventory,and human resources by enterprises in poverty-stricken counties.Eventually,the TFP of enterprises in poverty-stricken counties was improved.This paper reveals the effect and consequence enhancing supervision from the policy in the use of poverty alleviation funds on enterprise’s productivity.It adds to the literature about economic growth and provides policy support for the sustainable development of government finance.