中国农业绿色全要素生产率研究:2000—2017

Exploring Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity in China:2000-2017

农业是支撑国民经济建设的基础性产业。随着农业碳排放和面源污染的不断加剧,绿色农业发展已成为学术界和政府所关注的重要问题。文章将农业碳排放和面源污染共同作为非期望产出,利用基于方向性距离函数(DDF)的全局Malmquist-Luenberger生产率模型,对2000年至2017年我国30个省份的农业绿色全要素生产率进行动态化测算,并在此基础上从整体、区域以及粮食功能区角度进行异质性分析。此外,进一步对农业绿色全要素生产率作分解分析,深入探究其背后的动力源泉。研究表明,我国农业绿色全要素生产率整体呈波动上升态势且为技术诱导型增长模式;就区域层面而言,农业绿色全要素生产率东部最高,中部次之,东北其后,西部最后;三大粮食功能区中绿色增长的动力源泉均来源于技术进步,而粮食主产区的技术进步贡献相对薄弱。据此,提出加大农业科技创新与研发力度,因地制宜发展绿色农业等针对性建议。

Agriculture is a basic industry that supports the construction of the national economy.With the continuous deterioration of agricultural carbon emission and non-point source pollution,green agricultural production has become an important issue,which has attracted extensive attention from academics and governments.In this paper,agricultural carbon emission and non-point source pollution are jointly served as undesired outputs,and the global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index model based on directional distance function(DDF)is used to measure the agricultural green total factor productivity of 30 provinces from 2000 to 2017 with a dynamic perspective.On this basis,the heterogeneity is analyzed from the perspectives of the whole,the region and the food functional districts.In addition,it further decomposes and analyzes the agricultural green total factor productivity in order to deeply explore the power source behind it.The research shows that GTFP has a fluctuating upward trend and a technology-induced growth pattern at the overall level.While from the regional perspective,the GTFP is the highest in the east,followed by the center,and then the northeast while the lowest is in the west.In addition,the main driving force of GTFP’s growth in the three food functional districts is technological progress,though the contribution of technological progress in major food producing districts is relatively weak.Accordingly,some targeted suggestions such as strengthening agricultural science and technology innovation and R&D,and developing green agriculture in accordance with local conditions are put forward.