佛教护国思想的中国化实践——基于护国寺与护国法师现象的探析

The Chinese Practice of Buddhism’s Thought of Protecting the Nation

以"护国"作为寺院名称的护国寺和敕封护国法师现象的出现,是佛教护国思想中国化的一个独特表现。这一现象主要从唐代开始出现,并呈现出跨越时间长、分布地域广的特征。护国寺与护国法师现象是佛教护国思想发展到一定阶段后的产物,也是政教关系定型后的产物,它既反映了统治者认可和肯定佛教护持国土、护卫国主、护佑百姓这一护国思想的主观意识,也表明了佛教在中国历史上长期承担着护国佑民这项重要责任和使命的客观现实。

Absrtact:The phenomena of"Huguo"which means"Protecting the Nation"as the name of the temple and the Master,are a unique manifestation of the Chinese characteristics of Buddhism.s thought of protecting the Nation.It appeared mainly in the Tang Dynasty and showed the characteristics of a long span of time and a wide distribution of regions.The phenomena of Huguo Temple and Huguo Master are the product of the development of Buddhism.s thought of protecting the nation at a certain stage,and also the product of the finalization of the relationship between politics and religion.It not only reflects the subjective consciousness of the rulers to recognize and affirm Buddhism.s thought of protecting the country,protecting the sovereign and protecting the people,but also shows that Buddhism has long shouldered the important responsibility and mission of protecting the country and protecting the people in Chinese history.