新中国成立初期美国新教传教士退出中国大陆述论

On Leaving China's Mainland of the American Missionaries after the Founding of New China

新中国成立初期美国传教士全面退出中国大陆,是近代中国基督教史上的一个标志性事件。朝鲜战争爆发后,随着中国国内抗美援朝运动的迅速开展,美国传教士不得不申请离华。在离华期间,因为反美爱国运动中政治上的需要,美国传教士也逐步被塑造成为"美帝国主义文化侵略者"的负面形象。面对失败,美国传教机构对其在华传教工作做了深入的总结与反思,以便为全球其他地区的传教活动提供正反两方面的借鉴。与此同时,美国传教机构很快就在东亚地区重新部署了传教力量,试图有朝一日重新返回中国大陆。

The leaving China's Mainland of the American missionaries totally after the Founding of New China was a landmark case in the history of modern Chinese Christianity.After the outbreak of the Korean War,the Movement of Resisting U.S and Aiding North Korea was rapidly expanded,finally the American missionaries had to apply for leaving China.Meanwhile,due to political needs,the missionaries were gradually portrayed to be the American imperialist cultural aggressors.In face of failure,the American missions and missionaries reflected the experiences and lessons of their past work in China,in order to provide some certain reference for missionary work in other areas from the positive and the negative aspects.Meanwhile,the American missionary institutions readjusted and redeployed the missionary forces in East Asian quickly,and seeking to re-enter China's Mainland one day.