公诉裁量中的公共利益考量

The Public Interest Considerations in the Discretion of Public Prosecution

公诉裁量中的公共利益考量又称公共利益原则,其要义是对虽符合起诉条件、但不起诉更符合公共利益的案件,可以决定不起诉;目的是使公诉裁量权的行使符合公共利益,即符合公众的整体意志和最大多数人的普遍期待。在公诉裁量中进行公共利益考量,是检察机关身份、角色的必然要求,是指引和规范公诉裁量权、防止其滥用误用、更好地落实宽严相济刑事政策、完善有关法律制度的需要,它与有关法律原则、制度不仅不相抵牾与排斥,而且有利于促进有关法律原则、制度的落实并取得好的效果。公共利益考量主要适用于轻罪和极少数重罪案件,应坚持国家利益优位、与适用有关法律政策相结合、综合考量、优势公益等四项原则。

The public interest considerations in prosecutorial discretion are also known as the public interest principle.The essence is that when it is more in the public interest not to prosecute a case,the procuratorate can decide not to prosecute even if the conditions for prosecution are met.The aim is to make the exercise of prosecutorial discretion in accordance with public interest,i.e.,in line with the general will of the public and the general expectations of the greatest number of people.Considering the public interest in the discretion of public prosecution is an inevitable requirement of the identity and role of procuratorial organs,and is the need to guide and standardize the discretion of public prosecution to prevent its abuse and misuse.It can help better implement the criminal justice policy of“combining leniency and strictness”,and improve the relevant legal system.It does not contradict or exclude legal principles and systems.On the contrary,it is conducive to promoting the implementation of legal principles and systems and achieving good results.Public interest considerations are mainly applicable to misdemeanors and a very small number of felony cases,and the four principles of national interest superiority,combination with the application of relevant laws and policies,comprehensive consideration,and superior public interest should be adhered to.