检察民事公益诉讼的基本界定

The Basic Definition of Procuratorial Civil Public Interest Litigation

检察民事公益诉讼以社会公共利益或国家利益为保护对象。在民事公益诉讼中,检察机关兼具公益代表人与法律监督者双重身份,分别由检察公益诉讼部门与民事检察监督部门具体行使纠纷管理权与法律监督权。作为公益代表人的检察机关通常不存在滥用纠纷管理权的嫌疑,检察机关在民事公益诉讼案件中应当享有和解实施权、调解实施权、诉讼实施权,但不宜赋予仲裁实施权。在以保全或执行公益诉讼裁判确定的给付请求权为宗旨的衍生性民事司法程序中,检察机关仍应当履行形式当事人的法定职责,以全面维护社会公共利益。

Procuratorial civil public interest litigation aims to protect social public interests and national interests.In civil public interest litigation,the procuratorial organs have dual identities as public interest representatives and legal supervisors.The procuratorial public interest litigation department and the civil procuratorial supervision department respectively exercise dispute resolution right and legal supervision power.As a representative of public welfare,the procuratorial organs usually do not have any suspicion of abusing their dispute resolution right.Therefore,procuratorial organs should have the right to resolve public interest damage disputes through settlement,mediation,or litigation in civil public interest litigation cases.In derivative civil judicial proceedings aiming at preserving or enforcing the claims determined by public interest litigation judgments,procuratorial organs should still fulfill the legal responsibilities of formal parties to comprehensively safeguard public interests.