国家治理现代化背景下刑事检察职能的拓展路径

The Development Path of Criminal Procuratorial Function under the Background of Modernization of National Governance

国家治理现代化对于刑事检察职能拓展产生影响。国家治理的权力结构演变促进刑事检察职能强化式拓展;国家治理的制度逻辑转换推动刑事检察职能分层式拓展;国家治理的目标价值升华带来刑事检察职能延伸式拓展。与国家治理体系和治理能力现代化战略目标相比,当前刑事检察职能存在诸多现实短板,可以探索以下变革路径:以认罪认罚从宽制度实施为契机,构建科学合理的起诉裁量权,扩大不起诉的适用,并以此作为刑事检察变革的基础;进一步强化刑事检察对审前的主导权,推动检警关系由实然的配合制约转向应然的监督制约,同时发挥好刑事诉讼的程序分流功能,强化审前羁押的司法救济,最大限度促进综合治理;推进刑事执行检察权的变革,重点是推动不起诉后非刑罚处罚措施的全面适用,从单纯的刑罚执行监督转变为涵盖非刑罚执行的监督,并在促进企业刑事合规、建立社会服役制度方面探索前行,以刑事检察职能的变革拓展体现检察机关在推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化中的法治担当。

The modernization of national governance has an impact on the expansion of criminal procuratorial function.The evolution of the power structure of national governance promotes the strengthened expansion,the logical transformation of the national governance system promotes the hierarchical expansion,and the sublimation of the target value of national governance brings the extended expansion.Compared with the strategic goals of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities,the current criminal procuratorial function has many practical shortcomings,and the following reform paths can be explored.We should take the opportunity of the leniency system for pleading guilty and accepting punishment to construct scientific and reasonable prosecution discretion,expand the application of non-prosecution,and use this as the basis for criminal prosecution reform.We should further strengthen the criminal prosecution’s pre-trial leadership,promote the transition from actual cooperation and restriction of the procuratorial and police relationship to due supervision and restriction,and at the same time give full play to the procedural diversion function of criminal proceedings,strengthen judicial remedies for pre-trial detention,and maximize integration governance.We should also promote the reform of criminal enforcement procuratorial power,focusing on promoting the full application of non-penalty punishment measures after non-prosecution,shifting from mere supervision of penalty execution to supervision covering non-penalty execution,and promoting corporate criminal compliance and establishing a social service system,so as to reflect the legal responsibility of procuratorial organs in the modernization of the national governance system and present governance capabilities through the reform and expansion of criminal procuratorial functions.