认罪认罚不起诉:检察环节从宽路径的反思与再造

Non-prosecution Based on Pleading Guilty and Accepting Penalty: Expansion and Regulation of Procuratorial Organs’ Power to Give Leniency

伴随着认罪认罚从宽制度的推行,以不起诉处理的认罪认罚案件在数量上不断上升。但认罪认罚情节对不起诉的实际影响极为有限,法律规定的不起诉类型也没有为认罪认罚从宽制度的融入留出足够的规范空间。将认罪认罚不起诉塑造为一种相对独立的不起诉类型,不仅可以减少制度衔接的耗费,增强不起诉的审前分流效果,充实被追诉人的认罪认罚利益,也契合我国认罪认罚从宽的程序模式。独立化的可行路径就是扩大附条件不起诉的适用对象,调整适用条件,将附条件不起诉改造为专门的认罪认罚不起诉。同时,为了防范起诉裁量权的滥用,应当贯彻法官保留原则,细化从宽不起诉的裁量标准,完善内部质量控制机制,并强化外部制约。

With the implementation of the system of giving leniency for pleading guilty and accepting penalty,the number of cases of pleading guilty and accepting penalty handled by non-prosecution has continuously increased.However,the actual impact of the factor of pleading guilty and accepting penalty on non-prosecution is extremely limited.Various non-prosecution prescribed by law do not leave enough regulatory space for the integration of the system of giving leniency for pleading guilty and accepting penalty.Modeling non-prosecution based on pleading guilty and accepting penalty as an independent type of non-prosecution can not only reduce the cost of system connection,enhance the pre-trial diversion effect of non-prosecution,enrich the benefit of pleading guilty and accepting penalty,but also fit the procedure mode of giving leniency for pleading guilty and accepting penalty.The feasible way of specialization is to expand the extent of application of conditional non-prosecution,adjust the application conditions,and transform conditional non-prosecution into a separate type of nonprosecution based on pleading guilty and accepting penalty.