细胞外囊泡在抗感染免疫和免疫逃逸中的作用

The role of extracellular vesicles in anti-infective immunity and immune escape

细胞外囊泡是一类由细胞分泌到胞外具有生物学活性的脂双层小囊泡,其在细胞间信号传递起重要作用。病原体在感染宿主后,机体会产生免疫应答,并引发一系列抗感染反应。病原体为应对宿主免疫细胞的清除,也会相应地采取措施免疫逃逸。在机体抗感染免疫与病原体免疫逃逸这一过程中,免疫细胞间的信息通讯系统(EVs)参与其中。本文主要探讨了由病原体感染的宿主细胞分泌的EVs在参与抗感染免疫和免疫逃逸两个方面的作用,以期为EVs参与的免疫反应及其作用提供理论基础。

Extracellular vesicles are a class of biologically active lipid bilayer vesicles secreted by cells to the outside of the cell, which play an essential role in intercellular signal transmission. After the pathogen infects the host, the body generates an immune response and triggers a series of anti-infection responses. In response to eliminating from host immune cells, pathogens will take corresponding measures to immune escape. The information communication system(EVs) between immune cells involves the body’s anti-infection immunity and pathogen immune escape. This paper mainly discusses the role of EVs secreted by pathogen-infected host cells in participating in anti-infection immunity and immune escape to provide a theoretical basis for the immune response and its role in EVs.