球孢白僵菌对媒介蚊虫的防治效果观察

Observation on the control effect of Beauveria bassiana against vector mosquito populations

目的观察球孢白僵菌对室外蚊虫的防制效果,为拓展蚊虫的生物防制思路提供数据支持。方法在山东省济宁市微山县韩庄镇利用二氧化碳诱蚊灯法检测成蚊密度,利用球孢白僵菌固体混合物处理蚊虫孳生地,定期观察记录蚊幼虫和成蚊密度,评价其对孳生地蚊虫的防制效果。结果在媒介蚊虫流行季节,球孢白僵菌处理组能够显著控制蚊幼虫密度,其中5月下旬、6月上旬、6月中旬、6月下旬、7月中旬对照组与处理组蚊幼虫密度比较差异具有统计学意义(t值分别为7.26、11.85、19.41、9.45、4.58,均P<0.05),其余时间段(5月上旬、5月中旬、7月上旬、7月下旬、8月上旬、8月中旬、8月下旬、9月上旬、9月中旬)与对照组蚊幼虫密度比较差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0、1.02、1.16、1.50、-0.25、-1.29、-0.37、0.22、1.27,P>0.05)。该地区的优势蚊种分别为淡色库蚊、中华按蚊和三带喙库蚊,在淡色库蚊和三带喙库蚊密度高峰期,球孢白僵菌混合物的防制效果较好。结论在媒介蚊虫流行季节,球孢白僵菌混合物能控制孳生地蚊幼虫密度,可用于蚊虫的生物防制。

Objective To observe the control effect of Beauveria bassiana on outdoor mosquitoes,and to provide data support for expanding the ideas of biological control of mosquitoes.Methods In Hanzhuang Town,Weishan County,Jining City,Shandong Province,the density of adult mosquitoes was detected by carbon dioxide lamp trap method,and the mosquito breeding sites were treated with solid mixture of B.bassiana.The mosquito larvae and adult density were observed and recorded regularly to evaluate the control effect of the mosquito breeding sites.Results In the vector epidemic season,the B.bassiana treatment group could significantly control the mosquito larval density,and there were statistically significant differences in the mosquito larval density between the control group and the treatment group in late May,early June,mid-June,late June,and mid-July(t values were 7.26,11.85,19.41,9.45,4.58,respectively,P<0.05),in other periods(early May,mid-May,early July,late July,early August,mid-August,late August,early September,mid-September),there was no significant difference in mosquito larval density between the control group and the control group(t values were 0,1.02,1.16,1.50,-0.25,-1.29,-0.37,0.22,1.27,respectively,P>0.05).The most commonly species were Culex pipiens pallens,Anopheles sinensis and Cx.tritaeniorhynchus.The higher the density of Cx.pipiens pallens and Cx.tritaeniorhynchus,the better the control effect of B.bassiana mixture.Conclusion The B.bassiana mixture can effectively control the density of mosquito larvae in the breeding grounds,which is expected to be applied in the biological control of mosquitoes during the mosquito vector epidemic season.