《周易》“与天地合其德”之生态美学解读

Interpretation of Ecological Aesthetics of "Man Being in Harmony, in His Attributes, with Heaven and Earth" from the Book of Changes

《周易》之生态审美意识"贵人""重人",认为"人"通过"进德修业"则能够"与天地合其德"。《周易·系辞上》云:"易有太极,是生两仪。""太极"是宇宙天地得以生成的原初域,为"两仪"的整体化、一体化。"两仪"既符指"阴阳",也符指"天地"。"阴阳化育"是"天地"之始,"天地絪缊,万物化醇,男女构精,万物化生。"有了"天地",万物便在天地之间产生出来。而"乾坤二卦",则是"天地"和"阴阳"的共同符号。包括"人"在内的万物,其化生化合,尽皆因于"天地"。"天地人"一体相通,"天道""地道""人道"相兼相应,相辅相成,你中有我,我中有你。并且,"天地"之"道"与人事联系紧密,人事吉凶正好对应于天的阴阳,"天"的阴阳可相互转化,"人"的吉凶也相互转化,天地合德。由此,"天"与"人"就实现了沟通。

As for the ecological aesthetic consciousness of the Book of Changes(or I Ching),it"values"man and believes"man"can be"in harmony,in his attributes,with heaven and earth"through"working hard to cultivate his moral character and enriching his knowledge".The Book of Changes·Xi Ci I says:"In(the system of)the Yi there is the Grand Terminus,which produced the two elementary Forms".The"Grand Terminus"is the origin of the universe and the integration of the"two elementary Forms".The"two elementary Forms"refer to both the"Yin and Yang"and the"heaven and earth"."The growth of Yin and Yang"is the beginning of"heaven and earth"."There is an intermingling of the genial influences of heaven and earth,and transformation in its various forms abundantly proceeds.There is an intercommunication of seed between male and female,and transformation in its living types proceeds."With"heaven and earth",everything begins to take shape in the universe.While the"two divinatory symbols of Qian and Kun"are the common symbols of"heaven and earth"and"Yin and Yang".The existence and integration of everything including"man"are derived from"heaven and earth"."Heaven,earth and man"are connected,and"the way of heaven","the way of earth"and"the way of man"are inseparably interconnected in complete harmony.Moreover,the ways of"heaven and earth"are closely linked to human affairs.The good fortune or ill of man corresponds to Yin or Yang of heaven.And the Yin and Yang are interchangeable,so are the good fortune or ill of man,so that man can be in harmony,in his attributes,with heaven and earth.Thus,"heaven"and"man"are connected.