母婴喂养方式与分娩方式对婴儿巨细胞感染的影响情况分析

Analysis on the Influence of Maternal and Infant Feeding Method and Delivery Method on Infant Giant Cell Infection

目的探讨不同喂养和分娩方式对婴儿巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染的影响及其结局。方法选择从2018年1月到2019年12月期间,在门诊部孕检时,出现CMV感染IgG阳性且IgM阴性状况的患者222例,将其婴儿分成两组:对照组110例,观察组112例,分类标准为是否进行母乳喂养。其中选择母乳喂养(包括完全母乳喂养和混合喂养)的设定为观察组,选择完全人工喂养的设定为对照组。记录这两组间不同月龄婴儿CMVIgG阳性率、CMV-IgG阳性婴儿中的IgM阳性率、不同分娩方式CMV-IgG阳性率以及感染程度。结果观察组不同年龄段婴儿的IgM阳性率都比对照组高(P>0.05)。同时观察组不同年龄段CMV-IgG呈阳性的婴儿,其IgM阳性率也均高于对照组(P>0.05)。对于观察组的婴儿,其经阴道分娩,CMV-IgG阳性率63.89%(36/56);对照组婴儿经阴道分娩,其中CMV-IgG阳性率52.78%(30/56)。在观察组和对照组中,其中CMV-IgG呈阳性、CMV-IgG呈阴性的婴儿,其在12~18个月的身高、体重差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论阴道分娩和母乳喂养均可能会增加婴儿感染CMV的概率,但对其身高和体重的不良影响不明显,因此对足月儿,应鼓励阴道分娩和母乳喂养。

Objective To investigate the effects of different feeding and delivery methods on infant cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection and its outcome.Methods From January 2018 to December 2019,222 patients with CMV infection IgG positive and IgM negative during pregnancy examination in the outpatient department were selected,and their babies were divided into two groups:control group 110 cases,observation group 112 cases were classified as whether they were breastfeeding or not.The selection of breastfeeding(including complete breastfeeding and mixed feeding)was set as the observation group,and the selection of completely artificial feeding was set as the control group.The positive rates of CMV-IgG in infants of different months of age,the positive rates of IgM in CMV-IgGpositive infants,the positive rates of CMV-IgG in different delivery methods,and the degree of infection were recorded between the two groups.Results The positive rates of IgM in infants of different ages in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P>0.05).At the same time,the infants in the observation group who were positive for CMV-IgG at different ages had higher IgM positive rates than those of the control group(P>0.05).For the infants in the observation group,the positive rate of CMV-IgG was 63.89%(36/56)when they were delivered vaginally;the control group was delivered vaginally,and the positive rate of CMV-IgG was 52.78%(30/56).In the observation group and the control group,infants with CMV-IgG positive and CMV-IgG negative had no significant difference in height and weight between 12 and 18 months.Conclusion Both vaginal delivery and breastfeeding may increase the probability of infants being infected with CMV,but the adverse effects on their height and weight are not obvious.Therefore,for full-term infants,vaginal delivery and breastfeeding should be encouraged.