超声乳化术治疗老年硬核白内障的效果分析

Effect Analysis of Phacoemulsification in the Treatment of Senile Hard Nucleus Cataract

目的探讨超声乳化术在老年硬核白内障中的治疗效果。方法将2015年1月至2021年1月江苏常州市金坛区中医医院眼科收治的80例老年硬核白内障患者纳入研究范围,所有患者均采用超声乳化手术治疗,观察患者手术前后视力变化、术后角膜水肿程度、角膜内皮细胞情况以及手术相关并发症发生情况。结果术后1周仅1例(1.25%)<0.1,70只眼(87.50%)视力>0.5。术后1个月,80眼视力均高于0.1,其中74只眼(92.50%)视力高于0.5。术后3个月内,患者裸眼视力、矫正视力、球镜度和散光度均有不同程度提高,与术前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3d,患者角膜水肿程度较术后1d明显减轻,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1个月,患者角膜内皮细胞密度较术前明显下降,角膜内皮细胞平均面积较术前提升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者术后并发症主要包括角膜水肿、虹膜损伤和眼高压,症状均较轻,对症处理后康复出院。结论超声乳化手术治疗老年硬核白内障疗效确切,可有效改善患者术后视力,且并发症少,是一种安全可行的手术方式。

Objective To investigate the effect of phacoemulsification in the treatment of senile hard nucleus cataract.Methods From January 2015 to January 2021,80 cases of elderly patients with hard nucleus cataract in our hospital were selected as the research object.All patients were treated with phacoemulsification handwritten therapy.The visual acuity before and after operation,corneal edema after operation,corneal endothelial cells and complications related to operation were observed.Results One week after operation,only 1 case(1.25%)had visual acuity<0.1,and 70 eyes(87.50%)had visual acuity>0.5.One month after operation,the visual acuity of 80 eyes was higher than 0.1,and 74 eyes(92.50%)had visual acuity higher than 0.5.Within 3 months after operation,the uncorrected visual acuity,corrected visual acuity,spherical diopter and astigmatism were improved in varying degrees,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The degree of corneal edema in 3 days after operation was significantly less than that in 1 day after operation(P>0.05).One month after operation,the density of corneal endothelial cells was significantly lower than that before operation,while the average area of corneal endothelial cells was significantly larger than that before operation(P<0.05).The main postoperative complications included corneal edema,iris injury and ocular hypertension.The symptoms were mild,and they recovered after symptomatic treatment.Conclusion Phacoemulsification is effective in the treatment of senile hard nucleus cataract,which can effectively improve the postoperative visual acuity of patients with fewer complications.