中医内外治法治疗支气管哮喘的研究进展

Research Progress of Internal and External Treatment of Bronchial Asthma in Traditional Chinese Medicine

支气管哮喘主要是由嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞与T淋巴细胞等多种炎性细胞参与的气道慢性炎症,这种炎症使易感者对各种激发因子具有气道高反应性,并且会引起气道狭窄。支气管哮喘的发病原因尚不清楚,大多数认为是与遗传因素有关,并受环境因素和遗传因素的双重影响,有学者[1]提出人类鼻病毒HRV感染是哮喘急性发作的常见诱因之一,哮喘的发病机制也并不是很清楚,但多数人认为是与气道炎症、变态反应、气道高反应性等因素相互作用有关系。临床上的主要表现以呼气性呼吸困难、反复发作性的喘息、胸闷或者咳嗽为主,常在夜间或清晨发作加剧,并出现广泛的气流受限。近几年来,支气管哮喘的治愈率不断上升,但是患病率依然很高,尤其是儿童高于成人,有学者指出过敏史、家族遗传史、抗生素的使用等是小儿哮喘发作的独立危险因素。临床主要以西医激素治疗为主,随着中医药在全球得到的认可以及不断地发展,中医的治疗方法不断推广开来,并具有明显的优势和特色,并取得了满意的治疗效果,本次研究,将近3年中医药对支气管哮喘的最新治疗研究做了归纳,为临床发病机制研究、病因学的研究以及后期开拓更多的临床治疗方法提供理论依据以及治疗思路。

Bronchial asthma is a chronic airway inflammation mainly caused by various inflammatory cells such as eosinophils,mast cells and T lymphocytes.This inflammation makes susceptible people highly responsive to various inflammatory factors and causes airway stenosis.Bronchial asthma because the hair cause of disease is unclear,most think is related to genetic factors,and subject to the dual effects of environmental factors and genetic factors,some scholars[1]proposed human rhinovirus HRV infection is one of the most common cause of acute attack of asthma and asthma pathogenesis is not very clear,but many people think is with airway inflammation,allergy,factors such as airway responsieness interaction relations.The main clinical manifestations are exhalatory dyspnea,recurrent wheezing,chest distress or cough,often at night or early morning exacerbation,and widespread airflow limitation.In recent years,the cure rate of bronchial asthma continues to rise,but the prevalence rate is still very high,especially in children than adults,some scholars pointed out that history of allergies,family genetic history,the use of antibiotics and other independent risk factors of childhood asthma attack.Clinical mainly hormone treatment of western medicine,along with the traditional Chinese medicine in the world and continuously development,Chinese medicine treatment popularized unceasingly,and has obvious superiority and characteristic,and obtained satisfactory therapeutic effect,so the author nearly 3 years of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of bronchial asthma’s latest research,summarized for the pathogenesis of clinical research,the study of etiology,and later more provides the theory basis for clinical treatment and treatment.