探讨老年人椎管内麻醉中应用小剂量右美托咪定(DEX)镇静的安全性和可行性

To investigate the Safety and Feasibility of Low-dose Dexmedetomidine (DEX) Sedation in Spinal Canal Anesthesia in the Elderly

目的分析探讨老年人椎管内麻醉中应用小剂量右美托咪定(DEX)镇静的安全性和可行性。方法选取本院2017年1月至2019年11月期间收治的40例实行椎管麻醉的患者进行此次研究,按照随机数字表法将所有患者均分为参照组和观察组两组,各20例。其中观察组实行静脉滴注小剂量的右美托咪定进行治疗,参照组使用相同体积的0.9%的氯化钠注射液进行治疗。对比两组患者手术中平均动脉压、心率以及血氧饱和度的变化状况;观察记录两组患者不同用药时间的镇静评分以及不良反应。结果观察组患者的不良反应发生率低于参照组并且组间对比差异显著,具有统计学意义(P<0.05);并且和参照组相比,观察组患者的不同时间点的镇静评分相对较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年椎管麻醉中使用小剂量右美托咪定进行麻醉,能够提高治疗效果,改善患者的平均动脉压、心率以及血氧饱和度状况,并且安全性较高,有着推广价值。

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of low-dose dexmetomidine(DEX)sedation in spinal canal anesthesia in the elderly.Methods In this study,40 patients treated with spinal canal anesthesia from January 2017 to November 2019 were selected,and all patients were divided into reference group and observation group,20 each,according to the random number table method.Among them,the observation group was treated with a small dose of dexmetomidine by intravenous drip,and the reference group was treated with the same volume of 0.9%sodium chloride injection.The changes of mean arterial pressure,heart rate and oxygen saturation were compared between the two groups.Results The intraoperative mean arterial pressure,heart rate and oxygen saturation were better in the observation group treated with low dose dexmedetomidine than in the reference group,and the difference between the groups was significant(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the reference group(P<0.05),and the sedation score of the patients at different time points in the observation group was relatively low and statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of low-dose dexmedetomidine in senile spinal canal anesthesia can improve the treatment effect,improve the average arterial pressure,heart rate and oxygen saturation of patients,and have high safety and promotion value.