新生儿重症监护室院内感染高危因素研究

Study on High Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

目的对我院新生儿重症监护室内院内感染现象的高危因素进行分析与研究。方法将2016年1月至2018年12月在我院新生儿重症监护室出现院内感染的94例患儿资料纳入本次研究,对其院感原因进行统计与分析。结果在本次研究中,除去1例感染类型不明病例外,以呼吸系统感染最为常见,占比57.4%,其余为消化系统感染10.6%、血液感染6.4%、肺部感染4.3%、脐部感染1.1%以及其他部位感染20.2%;体重≦1000g的新生儿采取脐或中心静脉导管与呼吸机措施的使用率最高,且有3例患儿出现呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP),均为体重小于1500g的新生儿;经过多因素logistic回归分析,早产儿、体重≤1500g以及机械通气均属于新生儿重症监护室院内感染的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论早产儿、出生体重≤1500g以及机械通气均属于NICU患儿院内感染的高危因素,需引起重视。

Objective To analyze and study the high risk factors of nosocomial infection in NICU.Methods The data of 94 cases of nosocomial infection in NICU from January 2016 to December 2018 were included in this study,and the causes of nosocomial infection were analyzed.Results In this study,except for one case of unknown infection type,respiratory system infection was the most common,accounting for 57.4%,the rest were digestive system infection(10.6%),blood infection(6.4%),pulmonary infection(4.3%),umbilical infection(1.1%)and other infections(20.2%);the use rate of umbilical or central venous catheter and ventilator was the highest for newborns with weight≤1000g,and there were three cases Infants with ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP)were all newborns whose weight was less than 1500g.According to multiple logistic regression analysis,premature infants,weight≤1500g and mechanical ventilation were all high risk factors of nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care unit(P<0.05).Conclusion Premature infants,birth weight≤1500g and mechanical ventilation are the high risk factors of nosocomial infection in NICU children,which should be paid attention to.