急性心肌梗塞心脏性猝死的危险因素及预防措施分析

Risk Factors and Preventive Measures of Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的探究急性心肌梗塞心脏性猝死的危险因素及对其的预防措施。方法对我院2016年7月至2019年7月收治的150例心脏性猝死患者的既往病史、生活习惯、猝死诱发因素、发生时间、先兆以及辅助检查结果等临床资料进行回顾性分析,以探究心脏性猝死的危险因素。结果心脏性猝死的男性发病率(63.33%)显著高于女性(36.67%),P<0.05,年龄方面,以60岁以上的患者居多,其中,60~75岁患者总共有90例,占所有患者的(60.00%),显著高于40~59岁的患者(P<0.05),心脏骤停前,患者多发生心绞痛、心悸以及乏力症状,精神因素和饱餐是主要诱因,另外经Logistic回归分析得出,男性、年龄、冠心病、心肌炎、室性心律失常、冠状动脉异常、精神因素、低钾血症等因素与心脏性猝死的发生有联系。结论冠心病、心肌炎、室性心律失常、精神因素、低钾血症以及冠状动脉异常是急性心肌梗死心脏性猝死的主要危险因素,如具备上述多个危险因素的患者发生心脏性猝死的风险较高,应进行早期干预,减少危险因素对于预防心脏性猝死的发生有重要意义。

Objective To explore the risk factors and preventive measures of sudden cardiac death caused by acute myocardial infarction.Methods The clinical data of 150 patients with sudden cardiac death admitted to our hospital from July 2016 to July 2019 were analyzed retrospectively,including their past medical history,living habits,inducing factors of sudden cardiac death,occurrence time,omen and auxiliary examination results,so as to explore the risk factors of sudden cardiac death.Results The incidence of sudden cardiac death in men(63.33%)was significantly higher than that in women(36.67%),P<0.05.In terms of age,the majority of patients were over 60 years old,among which 90 patients aged 60~75 accounted for 60.00%of all patients,significantly higher than the age of 40~59 years old patients(P<0.05).Before cardiac arrest,most of the patients had angina,palpitation,asthenia,and semen In addition,through Logistic regression analysis,we found that men,age,coronary heart disease,myocarditis,ventricular arrhythmia,coronary artery abnormality,mental factors,hypokalemia and other factors were related to the occurrence of sudden cardiac death.Conclusion Coronary heart disease,myocarditis,ventricular arrhythmia,mental factors,hypokalemia and coronary artery abnormality are the main risk factors of sudden cardiac death in acute myocardial infarction.If the patients with the above risk factors have a higher risk of sudden cardiac death,early intervention should be carried out to reduce the risk factors for the prevention of sudden cardiac death.