肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对常用药物及万古霉素的耐药情况分析

Analysis of the Resistance of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus Aureus to Common Drugs and Vancomycin

目的将肠球菌和金黄色葡萄糖菌对庆大霉素、甲氧西林等常用药物和万古霉菌的耐药性情况进行分析。方法选取本院检验科从2015年10月至2019年10月,在细菌室培育出肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌,将其进行药物体外抗菌试验,采用纸片扩散药敏试验法(K-B法),测试药物敏感性。分析肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对各种药物的耐药性,对比其耐药率的变化。结果试验期间总共分离出386株金黄色葡萄球菌、152株肠球菌,其中386株的金黄色葡萄球菌对头孢唑啉、庆大霉素和甲氧西林的耐药性较高,并存在上升趋势,但金黄色葡萄球菌对丁胺卡那霉素和万古霉素的耐药性较低。金黄色葡萄球菌从2017年开始对万古霉素产生耐药性。152株肠球菌对常用的药物普遍具有较高的耐药性,相比金黄色葡萄球菌,对万古霉素的耐药性较高,并且有所上升。结论本次结果证明我院细菌的耐药性较强,肠球菌对万古霉素的耐药率高,肠球菌和金黄色葡萄糖菌对常用药物均具有耐药性,随时间的推移耐药率有所增加。相比于常用药物,病原菌对万古霉素的耐药性较低。因此,临床用药应该根据检验科细菌室进行药敏测试的检验结果,合理使用抗生素,避免耐药性加强。

Objective The resistance of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus to common drugs such as gentamicin and methicillin and Vancomycin were analyzed.Methods In the laboratory of our hospital,from October 2015 to October 2019,Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus were cultivated in the bacteria room,and the drug was tested in vitro.The paper diffusion drug sensitivity test method(K-B method),testing drug sensitivity.Analyze the resistance of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus to various drugs,and compare the changes in drug resistance rate.Results A total of 386 Staphylococcus aureus and 152 Enterococcus were isolated during the experiment.Among them,386 strains of Staphylococcus aureus had higher resistance to cefazolin,gentamicin and methicillin,and there was an upward trend.However,S.aureus is less resistant to amikacin and vancomycin.Staphylococcus aureus has developed resistance to vancomycin since 2017.One hundred and fifty-two strains of enterococci have high resistance to commonly used drugs,and resistance to vancomycin is higher and higher than that of Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion This result proves that the resistance of bacteria in our hospital is strong,the resistance rate of enterococci to vancomycin is high,and the enterococci and golden glucobacteria are resistant to common drugs,and the resistance rate with time Increased.Pathogens are less resistant to vancomycin than commonly used drugs.Therefore,the clinical use of drugs should be based on the test results of the drug sensitivity test in the laboratory of the laboratory,and rational use of antibiotics.Avoiding the strengthening of drug resistance.