新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下孕妇焦虑、心理应激障碍现状及影响因素分析

The current status of psychological stress and analysis of influencing factors in pregnant women under coronavirus disease 2019

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下孕妇焦虑、心理应激障碍现状及影响因素,为突发事件下孕妇心理干预提供理论依据。方法采用横断面调查,于2020年2月17日—19日对杭州市某三级甲等妇产专科医院门诊的644名孕妇进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括孕妇一般资料问卷、广泛性焦虑量表和意外事件影响量表修订版。结果新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下87.6%孕妇存在焦虑,其中42.2%为轻度焦虑,41.0%为中度焦虑,4.3%为重度焦虑;91.1%孕妇存在应激障碍,其中43.0%为轻度障碍,31.8%为中度障碍,16.3%为重度障碍。多元逐步线性回归分析结果显示,孕周、分娩次数、是否有妊娠合并症、接触者是否有从疫区返回是孕妇焦虑的影响因素;孕周和接触者是否有从疫区返回是孕妇创伤后应激障碍的影响因素。结论在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下,孕妇普遍存在焦虑和应激障碍。医疗机构需要重视突发事件时期孕妇的心理状况,做好重点人群的心理干预,加强专业宣教与支持系统的建立,提高孕妇对突发事件的应急能力,保障母婴身心健康。

Objective To investigate the psychological stress of pregnant women under the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019,and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide theoretical basis for psychological intervention of pregnant women under the emergency. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of644 pregnant women from the outpatient department of tertiary specialized obstetrics and gynecology hospital in Zhejiang province between February 17 and 19,2020. The measures were the questionnaire of Participant demographics characteristics,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7)and the Impact of event scale revised(IESR). Results Under the new coronavirus pneumonia,87.6% of pregnant women had anxiety,among which 42.2%had mild anxiety,41.0% had moderate anxiety and 4.3% had severe anxiety. In addition,91.1% of pregnant women had stress disorder,including 43.0% mild disorder,31.8% moderate disorder and 16.3% severe disorder. Multiple regression analysis showed that pregnant women’s anxiety was influenced by gestational weeks,number of deliveries,pregnancy complications,and whether contacts returning from epidemic areas. Posttraumatic stress disorder in pregnant women was influenced by the gestational week and whether contacts returning from epidemic areas. Conclusion Under the new coronavirus epidemic,pregnant women generally have anxiety and stress disorder. Medical institutions should pay attention to the psychological status of pregnant women during emergencies,carry out active psychological intervention among key groups,strengthen the establishment of professional education and support system,improve the emergency response ability of pregnant women,and ensure the physical and mental health of mothers and babies.