学位论文同行评阅程序的立法建构

Legislative Construction of the Procedure of Peer Review of Dissertations

同行评阅是我国20世纪80年代相关学位立法确立的学位论文必经审查程序,但立法对该程序的规定非常简略,可操作性极弱。实践中多以规范性文件来解读和细化,形成了“法出多门”的状况。导致送审主体不明确、评阅人资质标准模糊、回避程序不周延、评阅参照标准缺失、评阅结果约束力不明。这在法治视野衡量下,或多或少存在瑕疵与不规范。随着同行评阅引发的纠纷逐渐增多,该程序的法治化规制已不容忽视,其中诸多内容有进一步充实和完善的必要。为此,应当在立法上规范组织送审、明晰评阅人资质标准、严格第三方介入、统一同行评阅标准、明确评阅结论的拘束力、确立司法救济途径,以对现行同行评阅程序予以建构。

Peer review is a requisite review procedure of dissertation established by the relevant degree legislation in China in the 1980s,but the legislative provisions on this procedure are very simple and brief,enjoying very little operability.In practice,normative documents are often used to interpret and refine such provisions,resulting in the situation of"norms from many areas of laws without consistency and unity".As a result,the subject of the review is not clear,the qualification standard of the reviewer is vague,the challenge procedure is not comprehensive,the review reference standard is missing,and the binding force of the review result is unclear.If it is measured from the perspective of the rule of law,such review is more or less defective and irregular.With the increasing number of disputes caused by peer review,the legal regulation of this procedure cannot be ignored,and many of its contents need to be further enriched and improved.Therefore,it is necessary to standardize the organizing work of sending dissertations for review,clarify the qualification standard of reviewers,set forth stringent provisions on the intervention by third parties,unify the standard of peer review,clarify the binding force of the conclusion of peer review,and establish the way of judicial relief in legislation,so as to develop the current peer review procedure.