以泻白散为例探讨经典名方中锉散粒度及煎煮工艺的研究

Particle size of "Cuo San" of famous classical formulas and decoction process with Xiebai San for example

通过优选经典名方泻白散的"锉散"粒度,考察其煎煮容器、煎煮水量、煎煮时长等参数,确定其煎煮工艺,以泻白散为例探讨经典名方中"锉散"方煎煮工艺的研究方法。通过建立泻白散特征图谱方法及泻白散中甘草苷和甘草酸的含量测定方法,以特征图谱相似度、特征峰峰面积、甘草苷、甘草酸含量及出膏率为指标,对"锉散"粒度和各项煎煮工艺参数进行优选。根据结果确定泻白散"锉散"粒度为粉碎粒径2.00~4.75 mm的饮片(过4目筛),确定其煎煮工艺:取处方量至陶瓷锅中,加水420 mL,武火煮沸后文火煮至300 mL。泻白散特征图谱相似度0.9以上,相关特征峰峰面积较大,甘草苷、甘草酸质量分数分别为0.12%,0.21%,出膏率为15.05%。最终确定的饮片"锉散"粒度能较好的代表泻白散煮散的质量,且制备方便、适应工业生产,确定的煎煮工艺能更好反映泻白散全方质量。该研究方法能够从全方信息、有效成分含量、出膏情况等方面多因素综合考察泻白散煮散质量,是一种较为全面客观的评价方法,能为其他"锉散"类经典名方煎煮工艺研究提供依据和参考。

In this experiment,the decoction process of famous classical formula Xiebai San was determined by optimizing the particle size of"Cuo san"and investigating the decoction process parameters,such as boiling container,water volume and duration.Xiebai San was taken as an example to explore the study method of the"Cuo san"in the famous classical formulas.The specific chromatogram of Xiebai San and the determination method of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid in Xiebai San were established.Different particle sizes of"Cuo san"and decoction parameters were optimized based on the similarity of specific chromatogram,the specific chromatogram′s peak area,the content of glycyrrhizin,the content of glycyrrhizic acid and extract yield rate.The particle size of Xiebai San powder was determined to be 2.00-4.75 mm(by four-mesh sieves).The decoction process was determined as follows:put the prescription amount into a ceramic pot,add 420 mL of water,and boil and simmer until the volume is 300 mL.The similarity of specific chromatogram was above 0.9,the specific chromatogram′s peak area was larger,the content of glycyrrhizin was 0.12%,the content of glycyrrhizic acid was 0.21%,and the extract yield rate was 15.05%.The finally determined particle size of"Cuo san"can better represent the quality of Xiebai San,and is easy to prepare and suitable for industrial production.This experimental research method can comprehensively investigate the quality of Xiebai San as a whole,the content of active ingredients,and the situation of extract yield.It is a more comprehensive and objective evaluation method,and can provide experimental basis and reference for the study of other"Cuo san"famous classical formulas.