英国新冠肺炎疫情防控政策:分析与启示

Infection Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in the UK: Policy Analysis and Implications

2020年1月30日,世界卫生组织正式将新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)定性为"国际关注的公共卫生紧急事件"(PHEIC),世界各国面临着"新冠肺炎大流行"带来的政策与治理挑战。作为实行全民覆盖医疗服务体系的福利国家,英国在本次疫情中的表现受到学术界密切关注。通过对英国针对新冠肺炎疫情公开发布的防疫政策措施进行分析,本文从财政与社会保障政策、医疗卫生系统与防治措施、防疫宣传以及政策依据四个方面来评估和讨论英国防疫政策设计上的逻辑、亮点和存在的问题,以期对中国社会政策与卫生制度发展提供教训与启示。

Novel Coronavirus Disease(COVID-19)was officially identified as a"Public Health Emergency of International Concern"(PHEIC)by the World Health Organisation on 30 th January 2020.Countries over the world are facing the policy decision and governance challenges triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic.As a welfare state with universal health coverage,UK’s performance in the pandemic is closely observed by scholars.Through analysing the policies released by the British government and measures on infection prevention and control for COVID-19 outbreak,this paper evaluates and discusses the logics,advantages and existing issues behind the design of the policies and measures targeting COVID-19 prevention and control in the UK from four perspectives:(1)fiscal and social protection policy;(2)health system and the prevention and control measures;(3)pandemic prevention and control publicity;(4)policy evidence.These analyses and discussions will be significant for providing lessons and implications for the development of social policy and the health system in China.