山东省慢性病综合防控示范区居民代谢综合征流行现状分析

Prevalence and pattern of metabolic syndrome among residents in the chronic diseases comprehensive prevention and control demonstration area of Shandong Province

目的分析山东省慢性病综合防控示范区居民的代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MetS)的流行现状,探索示范区居民患有MetS的疾病模式,为评估MetS的疾病负担以及制定相关防控策略提供证据。方法2022年7—9月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,选取山东省慢性病综合防控示范区8个县(区、市)≥35岁居民为研究对象,采用问卷调查、体格检查以及血生化检测收集社区居民一般人口学信息和健康相关指标。评估符合MetS定义的人群比例,采用潜在类别分析探索社区居民罹患MetS的疾病模式。结果参与调查居民3208名,男性1641人(51.15%),女性1567人(48.85%),年龄(54.8±12.03)岁,42.43%的调查对象符合MetS判定标准,MetS的患病率随年龄增长而增加(P<0.01)。血压升高(60.66%)、中心型肥胖(57.95%)、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)血症(54.71%)是患病率最高的MetS组分,合并“中心型肥胖+血压升高+低HDL-C血症+高三酰甘油血症”是MetS最常见的疾病模式。结论山东省慢性病综合防控示范区居民MetS流行病率较高,应综合采取多种措施进一步强化示范区MetS的防控。

Objective This study aimed to examine the current prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome(MetS)within the comprehensive prevention and control demonstration areas for chronic diseases in Shandong Province and to investigate the disease patterns of MetS among patients,thereby providing a foundation for assessing the disease burden associated with MetS and developing evidence-based prevention and control strategies.Methods From July to September 2022,a multistage stratified cluster sampling method was conducted on 3,216 community-dwelling residents aged 35 and above from eight counties(districts,cities)within Shandong Province as the study subjects.Data were collected through questionnaires,physical examinations,and biochemical tests to gather demographic information and health-related indicators.The proportion of the population meeting the definition of MetS was evaluated,and the disease patterns of MetS among the community residents were explored using latent class analysis.Results A total of 3208 participants(51.15%males,48.85%females,mean age 54.8±12.03 years)were included in the final analysis;42.43%met the criteria for MetS.The prevalence of MetS increased with age(P<0.01).The highest component rates of MetS were elevated blood pressure(60.66%),central obesity(57.95%),and low HDL-C(54.71%),and the most common disease pattern identified was a combination of central obesity,high blood pressure,low HDL-C hyperlipidemia,high TG hyperlipidemia.Conclusions Compared with the prevalence rate of MetS reported in previous studies,the prevalence rate of MetS in comprehensive prevention and control demonstration areas of Shandong Province was higher.Multiple measures should be taken to further strengthen the prevention and control of metabolic syndrome in the demonstration area.