家庭氛围和父母文化程度对未成年者抑郁的影响

The impact of family atmosphere and parental education on depression of minors in Quanzhou

目的探究家庭氛围和父母文化程度对未成年者抑郁的影响。方法本研究采用随机抽样法,2016年12月至2018年12月在泉州市选取10~17岁的未成年者2587人,通过电话随访以及面对面交谈的方式,采用一般情况调查问卷调查未成年者父母的文化程度、家庭氛围等,采用流调中心用抑郁自评量表调查未成年者的抑郁评分。结果2252名未成年学生有效调查中,性别(t=5.85,P<0.01)和学习阶段(F=268.47,P<0.01)抑郁得分比较差异有统计学意义;父、母文化水平分别比较差异有统计学意义(F=119.57、123.54,P<0.01);家庭氛围比较差异有统计学意义(F=132.81,P<0.01)。结论性别、学习阶段、家庭氛围和父母文化程度均会影响未成年者的抑郁水平,男性、学习阶段水平高、家庭氛围不温馨、父母文化程度低会增加未成年居民抑郁的发病风险,临床上应该加以重视。

Objective To discuss the impact of family atmosphere and parental education on depression of minors in Quanzhou.Methods A random sampling method was used to recruit 2587 minors aged 10-17 years in Quanzhou of Fujian from December 2016 to December 2018.A questionnaire survey was conducted through face-face interview and follow-up calls to acquire biographic information of subjects,education background of their parents,status of family atmosphere and other study related information.Depression of subjects was evaluated using the depression self-rating scale.Results A total of 2252 valid questionnaires were collected.The differences in the scores of depression were statistically significant between boys and girls(t=5.85,P<0.01)and between students in high school and those in middle and elementary school(F=268.47,P<0.01).The scores of depression were significantly lower among minors with well-educated parents and under harmonious family atmosphere compared to those with poor-educated parents(F=119.57,123.54,P<0.01)and in bad family environment(F=132.81,P<0.01).Conclusions Gender,age,family atmosphere and parental education are leading factors affecting the depression level of minors in school.Boys,students in high school,those under poor family atmosphere and with low parental education level are more likely to be depressed.