辽宁省≥40岁农村糖尿病患者知晓率与治疗率和控制率现状及影响因素调查研究

The awareness, treatment and control of patients with type 2 diabetes aged 40 years and over in rural areas of Liaoning and its influencing factors

目的分析辽宁省农村地区≥40岁2型糖尿病人群的知晓、治疗和控制情况以及相关影响因素,为糖尿病防控策略制定和调整提供科学依据。方法2017年9月至2018年5月,本研究按照分层整群随机抽样方法在辽宁省农村地区随机选取4个县的19个村庄,对年龄≥40岁的10926名常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,对其中1768例糖尿病患者的知晓率、治疗率和控制率及其影响因素进行分析。结果1768例糖尿病患者知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为42.14%、34.11%和38.47%,女性知晓率和治疗率高于男性(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析发现,有高血压、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、糖尿病家族史的糖尿病患者知晓率和治疗率较高,年龄较大的糖尿病患者治疗率亦较高,家庭年收入较高、缺乏运动的糖尿病患者控制率较高。高总胆固醇血症、现在饮酒的糖尿病患者知晓率和治疗率较低,高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的糖尿病患者控制率较低。结论辽宁省农村地区≥40岁糖尿病人群知晓率和治疗率均处于较低水平,控制率有待提高,应加强糖尿病高危人群的筛查和健康教育工作,针对重点人群采取干预措施来防控糖尿病的发生和发展。

Objective To understand the awareness,treatment and control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 40 years and over in rural areas of Liaoning and to discuss the related influencing factors.Methods From September 2017 to May 2018,10926 permanent residents aged 40 years or older were recruited using stratified cluster random sampling method from 19 villages in four counties.A questionnaire survey was conducted,physical examination and laboratory test were also performed.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of 1768 diabetic patients were calculated and their influencing factors were analyzed.Results The rates of awareness,treatment and control of 1768 diabetic patients were 42.14%,34.11%and 38.47%,respectively.The female awareness rate and treatment rate were higher than those of males(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the awareness rate and treatment rate were higher among patients with hypertension,low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia and family history of diabetes,the treatment rate was higher among older patients.Patients of lacking of exercise and with high family income had higherdisease control rate.Patients with hypercholesterolemia and were current drinker had lower awareness and treatment rates,and those with low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia and low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia had lower control rates.Conclusions The awareness rate and treatment rate of patients with type 2 diabetes aged 40 years and over in rural areas of Liaoning are at a lower level,and the control rate needs to be improved.Screening and health education for high-risk residents should be strengthened,and intervention measures should be taken to prevent and control diabetes among high risk population.