Peplau人际关系理论在高血压健康教育中的应用效果

The application of peplau interpersonal relationship theory in hypertension health education

目的分析Peplau人际关系理论在高血压健康教育中的应用效果。方法选取2016年1月~2017年1月建德市第一人民医院收治的120例原发性高血压患者作为研究对象,根据入院时间不同随机分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组采用常规模式进行健康教育,观察组则基于Peplau人际关系理论给予健康教育,均随访两年,对比两组患者满意度、高血压相关知识了解程度,高血压知识水平量表(HK-LS)、高血压患者自我管理行为评定量表(HPSMBRS)、血压控制和并发症发生情况,并采用logistic回归模型探讨导致高血压并发症发生的关键影响因素。结果观察组满意度为80.00%(48/60),对照组满意度为60.00%(36/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组HK-LS评分和HPSMBRS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组HK-LS评分为(18.15±5.86)分,HPSMBRS评分为(144.32±8.14)分,对照组HK-LS评分为(14.49±3.34)分,HPSMBRS评分为(120.69±10.75)分,观察组评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组血压控制总有效率为91.67%(55/60),对照组血压控制总有效率为73.33%(44/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访两年,观察组并发症总发生率为6.67%(4/60),对照组并发症总发生率为21.67%(13/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经logistic回归分析模型分析得知,年龄、病程、血压控制情况和健康教育方式均是导致高血压并发症发生的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论基于Peplau人际关系理论的健康教育不仅可提高高血压患者相关知识掌握度,改善健康管理行为,最终有效控制血压,减少并发症发生,还可提高患者满意度,建立健康和谐的护患关系。

Objective To evaluate the application of Peplau interpersonal relationship theory in hypertension health education.Methods 120 cases with essential hypertension admitted to the first people′s Hospital of Jiande from January 2016 to January 2017 were enrolled,and were randomly divided into the control group(60 cases)and the observation group(60 cases)based on the time of admission.Patients in the control group received routine health education,while those in the observation group received peplou interpersonal relationship theory based health education,and all patients were followed up for 2 years.The satisfaction,hypertension related knowledge(HK-LS score),self-management behavior(HPSMBRS score),blood pressure control and complications were assessed and compared between the two groups.Logistic regression model was used to explore the key influencing factors of hypertension complications.Results The satisfaction rate was 80.00%(48/60)in the observation group,which was higher than that of the control group(60.00%)(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in HK-LS score and HPSMBRS score between the two groups(P>0.05),however,after the intervention,the scores of HK-LS and HPSMBRS in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group(18.15±5.86 vs 14.49±3.34;144.32±8.14 vs 120.69±10.75;P<0.05).Meanwhile,the overall blood pressure control rate in the observation group was also significantly higher than that in the control group(91.67%vs 73.33%;P<0.05).After 2 years of follow-up,the overall complication rate in the observation group was much lower than that in the control group(6.67%vs 21.67%;P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age,course of disease,blood pressure control and health education method were the independent factors for hypertension complications(P<0.05).Conclusions Peplau interpersonal relationship theory based health education can not only help patients to master the relevant knowledge of hypertension,to improve their health management behaviors and ultimately control blood pressure and reduce complications,but also to improve their satisfaction and to create a healthy and harmonious patient-nurse relationship.