镉致糖尿病肾病小鼠微量元素水平变化研究

Changes of trace elements in cadmium-induced diabetic nephropathic mice

目的镉暴露能够加速糖尿病肾病的发生,但是镉暴露对机体微量元素的影响尚未见报道。本研究旨在研究镉诱导糖尿病肾病小鼠体内微量元素水平的变化。方法通过构建镉致糖尿病肾病小鼠模型,对小鼠血液、尿液、不同组织中的元素进行分析。结果结果显示,模型组的血糖值升高(t=5.870,P<0.01),尿肌酐下降(t=3.901,P<0.01),微量白蛋白增加(t=8.902,P<0.01),表明模型构建成功。尿液中Cd2+浓度上升(t=6.032,P<0.01),表明镉可以通过尿液有限的代谢,但是主要还是分布在机体的各个器官中。Cd2+的蓄积主要造成了Cu2+和Zn2+水平的下降,这两种元素在心脏组织中下降,(t=6.097、5.302,P均<0.05)。睾丸中Ca2+水平上升(t=10.278,P<0.01),其他器官的Ca2+变化水平依次为:大脑、胰脏、肺脏、肾脏、肝脏、脾脏、肠道、心脏、肌肉、骨骼。睾丸中Fe2+水平上升(t=8.293,P<0.01),其他器官的变化水平依次为:肾脏、脾脏、心脏、肠道、大脑、肺脏、胰脏、肝脏、肌肉、骨骼。结论镉的毒性作用,引起了体内钙、铁离子浓度上升,锌和铜离子浓度下降,导致体内氧化应激反应增强,而抗氧化酶的活性下降,最终促进了糖尿病肾病的发生。

Objective To observe the changes of trace elements in cadmium-induced diabetic nephropathic(DN)mice.Methods The cadmium-induced DN mouse model was generated and trace elements in blood,urine as well as in tissues were analyzed.Results The cadmium-induced DN mouse model was successfully created with elevated blood sugar(t=5.870,P<0.01),increased urine mALB level(t=8.902,P<0.01),and decreased urine CRE level(t=3.901,P<0.01).The urine Cd2+level increased remarkably(t=6.032,P<0.01),probably due to the partial metabolism of cadmium through urine,however,majority of Cd was restored in tissues.The accumulation of Cd resulted in the decrease of Cu2+and Zn2+,which were significantly lower in cardiac tissue(t=6.097,5.302,P<0.05).In testis,the Ca2+level increased(t=10.278,P<0.01)and the changes of Ca2+level were observed in brain,pancrease,lung,kidney,liver,spleen,intestine,heart,muscle,bone.In testis,the Fe2+level increased(t=8.293,P<0.01)and the changes of Fe2+level were significant in kidney,pancrease,heart,intestine,brain,lung,spleen,liver,muscle and bone.Conclusions The intoxication of Cd causes the elevation of Ca and Fe and the reduction of Zn and Cu,resulting in the aggressive of in vivo oxidative injuries and the loss of anti-oxidative enzyme activities,which leads to the occurrence of DN in mice.